Mekhoa e meraro ea ho itokisa ea khalase ea quartz e hloekileng haholo

Khalase ea silika ea tlhaho

Sehlopha sa pele se kenyelletsa ho qhibiliha ha tlhaho quartz likristale kapa silika ho hlahisa khalase ea quartz ea tlhaho, e ka aroloa hape ka mekhoa e kang ho qhibiliha ha motlakase, ho tuka ha khase, le ho qhibiliha ha plasma ho ipapisitse le mehloli ea mocheso le lits'ebetso.

Ka mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha ha motlakase, lisebelisoa tse tala tsa quartz ka crucible li qhibiliha ka ho futhumala ha motlakase (ho kenyeletsoa ho futhumatsa ho hanyetsa le ho futhumatsa ka motlakase oa motlakase), ho lateloa ke ts'ebetso ea ho pholisa ka potlako ea vitrification ho theha khalase ea quartz14. Nakong ea ho qhibiliha, sebopeho sa kristale ea quartz se fetela liphetoho tsa mohato ho tloha β-quartz ho ea α-quartz, ebe ho α-cristobalite (e tsamaeang le ho thehoa ha karolo ea amorphous), ho fihlela ho fihla hoo e ka bang 1723 ° C, moo quartz e qhibilihisang e qalang ho theha.

Lehlabathe la Quartz le Hloekileng le Phahameng

Ts'ebetso ea ho qhibiliha ha phofo ea quartz hangata e etsoa sebakeng se phahameng sa vacuum (0.1 ~ 10 Pa) ho tlosa khase e lokolotsoeng ts'ebetsong le ho fokotsa boteng ba bubble ka khalase ea quartz. Boleng ba khalase ea quartz bo lokiselitsoeng ke mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha ha motlakase haholo-holo bo itšetlehile ka bohloeki ba lisebelisoa tse tala. Litšila tsa tšepe tse entsoeng ka lihlahisoa tsa quartz hangata li thata ho li tlosa, kahoo litšila tsa tšepe tse ka har'a khalase ea quartz e kopantsoeng hangata li phahame ebile ho thata ho li laola. Mongobo oa phofo ea quartz o ka tlosoa ka katleho ka ho omisa, kahoo khalase ea quartz e nang le hydroxyl e tlaase e ka lokisoa ka mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha ha motlakase.

Khalase ea Synthetic Quartz

Sehlopha sa bobeli se kenyelletsa ho kopanya khalase ea quartz ka karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale ka ho sebelisa metsoako e nang le silicon (mohlala, halosilanes, hydrosilanes, le organosilicons) e le lisebelisoa tse tala, tse bitsoang khalase ea synthetic quartz. Ho latela melao-motheo ea karabelo, sehlopha sena se arotsoe hape ka mekhoa e meraro.

1) Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (PCVD): Lik'hemik'hale tse nang le silicon li fumana oxidation ea mocheso sebakeng se se nang metsi ho hlahisa SiO₂.

2) Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (FHD): Metsoako e nang le silicon e kena hydrolysis (hangata e tsamaeang le oxidation) ka lelakabe la hydrogen-oksijene.

3) Mokhoa oa Sol-gel: Metsoako e nang le silicon e kena hydrolysis sebakeng se nang le metsi.

Har'a tsena, FHD ke theknoloji e amoheloang ka ho fetesisa le e tsoetseng pele ka ho fetesisa ea indasteri, e kenyelletsang motsoako o tobileng le motsoako o sa tobang.

● Direct Synthesis: Hydrolysis ea mocheso o phahameng e hlahisa likaroloana tsa SiO₂ tse qhibilihantsoeng, tse kenngoa ka ho toba holim'a substrate ebe e pholile ho etsa khalase ea quartz.

● Indirect Synthesis: Hydrolysis ea mocheso o tlase e hlahisa likaroloana tsa SiO₂ tse kang soot, ho etsa 'mele oa SiO₂ o nang le masoba. 'Mele ona o nang le masoba o felloa ke metsi 'meleng, doping, sintering, le ho pholile ho hlahisa khalase ea quartz.

Lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri, mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho kopanya o tobileng ke Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Mekhoa e sa tobang ea ho kopanya e kenyelletsa mekhoa e fetotsoeng e ipapisitseng le CVD, joalo ka mehato e 'meli ea CVD, Vapor-phase Axial Deposition (VAD) le Outside Vapor Deposition (OVD).

Mekhoa ena e fapana ka mekhoa ea ho lokisetsa le lihlahisoa tsa ho qetela. Mohlala, CVD le CVD ea mehato e 'meli li sebelisoa haholo ho hlahisa li-ingots tsa khalase ea quartz e boholo bo boholo, athe VAD le OVD li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho etsa li-preforms tsa quartz glass optical fiber. Leha ho na le liphapang tsena, mekhoa ena kaofela e thehiloe melao-motheong ea Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (FHD).

Khalase ea quartz

Optical Fiber Preform

Mokhoa oa ho Fetola Mocheso

Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang tsa indasteri, litlhoko tsa sebopeho sa lihlahisoa tsa khalase ea quartz li bohlokoa. Mohlala, li-tubes tsa khalase tsa quartz tse hloekileng haholo le lithupa tsa khalase tsa quartz li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea semiconductor. Ka lebaka leo, ho fetola lihlahisoa (ho fetola) ho bohlokoa haholo tlhahisong ea likhalase tsa quartz. Hona joale, mokhoa oa ho fetola mocheso ke mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa indasteri oa ho fetola khalase ea quartz lihlahisoa. Sena se akarelletsa ho futhumatsa khalase ea quartz hore e be bonolo ebe e fetola sebōpeho sa eona ho latela litlhoko tse sebetsang.

Synthetic quartz glass tube

Ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha, ho khalase ea quartz preform e nolofala, e e lumella ho huleloa tlase ke sesebelisoa se hulang ho etsa lithupa tsa khalase tsa quartz kapa li-tubes. Ka ho lokisa mocheso oa sebōpi le lebelo la ho taka, lithupa kapa li-tubes tse nang le li-diameter tse fapaneng li ka hlahisoa. Tlhophiso ea li-coil le sebopeho sa sebōpi sa sebōpi sa motlakase sa induction sa motlakase se susumetsa haholo sebaka sa kabo ea mocheso ka har'a sebōpi. Tlhahisong e sebetsang, taolo e tiileng ea sebaka sena sa mocheso ke ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa boleng ba lihlahisoa tsa khalase ea quartz.

Melamu ea khalase ea quartz le li-tubes tsa khalase tsa quartz

(Likarolo tse setšoantšong: molamu oa 'mè oa khalase ea 1-quartz; 2-heating element; 3-quartz glass rod; 4-quartz glass mother tube; 5-induction coil; 6-quartz glass tube; 7-terekere)